المعطيات المعرفية للنص القرآني واثرها في اختلاف الفقهاء

Praise be to Allah the Lord of world, prayer and peace be upon the most honorable prophet and his pure Ahlulbait. Reason is one of the important element to understand the religious cognition, it, sometimes, represents a means to reveal and study the religious significance, and in other, it is a standard to evaluate that study. Understanding the legislation text, which is the essence of Ijtihad, is the first step of reason function to examine the legislation text. Islamic jurisprudential heritage is full of the deduction method and the involved methodical and scientific means or device. The second step starts with an examining reading, by the researcher, for the Ijtihadi understanding, studying the scientific methods and the methodological styles that had established Ijtihad theories by the principles of Jurisprudence. This study clarifies the cognitive features of the principles of Jurisprudence especially the theoretical establishment of deduction resources. The theoretical establishment of deduction resources validity could be of cognitive dimension including prove means with certitude vale, or non cognitive including the ideological and subjective conflicts and deduction devices restricted to presumption. So the researcher undertakes distinguishing the cognitive and non cognitive according to the theories of epistemology and the philosophy of science that emphasize deduction certitude, on one hand, and its objectivity on the other hand. There is no previous study for the deduction resources within the cognitive establishment, so the researcher decided to study the deductions of the Usulies from all the Islamic sectors to distinguish them according to cognitive base, by studying epistemology and the philosophy of science due to their deep connection with this study.