العلاقة بين ظاهرة التذبذب الجنوبي للانينو و المحتوي المائي للتربة الفصلي لمنطقة الشرق الاوسط

Two lines of research into El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) converge on the changes in ENSO statistics occur as response to global climate. The first approach focuses on determid the ENSO years by the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA), and southern oscillation index, the results showed that the strongest El Nino event was occurred in winter 1982/1983, while the strongest La Nina event that happened in 1989. The ENSO frequently happen each 4 to 5 year The second aim is based on the examination of the effect of strong EL Nino year (1982/83) on the seasonal soil moisture on the Middle East. The study showed that the soil moisture was increased durning winter season in the north of Iraq strong El Nino year, while decreased in summer season in the Eastern Arabian Gulf.