تحولات الهوية في العراق بين الهوية الوطنية و الفرعية

The transformation of identity in Iraq between national and sub-national . Assistant professor phd. Dina Hatif Maki Since the formation of Iraqi state in 1921, its people hold the national identity that represent Iraq as a whole and they continued to hold to it in spite of all the hardships and the wars that they passed through till the year 2003 which is considered as a turning point in the life of the Iraqi state and its people. Since April 2003 the country had undergone so much events that played a role in changing the state and its identity and led to the rise of new identities whether sub-national or supra-national, theses new identities managed to weaken the original national identity and sometimes its vanish from the mind of the Iraqi citizen. Here rises the question is the Iraqi identity so fragile that it could not withstand the challenges it faced or there are other factors that helped its weakening and transformation, and are these factors concern the individual, the society , the state or a combination of them this what this research tries to answer.