روية حزب العدالة والتنمية في تغيير شكل النظام السياسي التركي (دراسة تحليلية في ضوء التعديلات الدستورية)

The parliamentary election in 2002 was a turning point in Turkish political process in general, and in particular the impacts the elections made on Turkish political system. This was a fundamental change, not because of the outcomes of the election, in which the Justice and Development Party (AKP) won, but because of the profound impacts the elections made, and paved the way to structural changes both internally and externally. Since the AKP came to power, tried to make political, social and economic changes at the internal level, and at external level it tried to use the geopolitical and geostrategic position of Turkey to make the country stronger and more effective, especially at the time when powers, authorities and decisions in the Middle East were reshaped among regional and international actors, specifically after the so-called Arab Spring. One of the changes the AKP has tried to make is amending the constitution of 1982; the main focus has been on replacing the parliamentary system with presidential one. This has created fears among opposition parties; the changes would hand too much power to president, and to increase the hegemony of the party and Erdugan over the system and decision-making process. The fear of opposition parties comes from the fact that AKP has dominated the government and presidency and has the majority in the parliament, to an extent that the party has been able to form five governments since 2002. We believe that the AKP has strong cards to gain enough votes in the referendum, which will be held on April 16, 2017. The AKP has objectives and justifications to win the project. On the other hand, some of the other parties have fear and concerns, and are going to say NO to the referendum.