Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from leaves of Salvia oligophylla Auch. ex Benth. from Iran

The genus Salvia is the largest member of the familyLamiaceaewhichcomprises about 1000 world wide distributed species. In flora ofIran,the genus is represented by 58 species which 17 are endemic[1].Invitro pharmacologicalinvestigationsshowedits antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cytotoxic, neuroprotective, antiinflammatory, and tumorigenesis preventing as well as ecological significance such as pest-toxicand repellent and other activities [2]. Aerial parts of Salvia species usually contain flavonoids and triterpenoids as wellas essential oils with volatilecompounds such as monoterpenes,while diterpenoids are the main compounds in roots. The leaves of S.oligophylla, which is endemic to Iran, was collected during the flowering stage from Ilam, in July 2015.The oil obtained by solvent freemicrowave extraction method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty constituents representing 96.2% of the total components in the oil of S.oligophylla were characterized byspathulenal (19.8%), β-caryophyllene (17.3%) and bicyclogermacrene (13.4%) as the main compounds.Thus,the oil of the plant consists of eight monoterpene hydrocarbons (10.9%), eight oxygenated monoterpenes (2.8%), fifteen sesquiterpene hydro-carbons (42.6%), fifteen oxygenated sesquiterpenes (34.7%),two diterpenes (4.6%) and two aliphaticcompounds(0.6%). Previously we studied the essential oil of S.chloroleuca, which containedmainly bicycle-germacrene(17.0%), germacrene D (15.7%) and β-caryophyllene (11.4%) [3].