Water treatment by using natural pressure in reverse osmosis(Suggested strategies )

Water is a vital resource that usually has limitations. Freshwater is almost constant in specific geographical areas, which covers limited areas. The use of saline water is a way to deal with water shortage. Membranous process probably turns saltwater in to fresh one. One of the most minuscule membranes in separating process is osmosis membranes. In reverse osmosis, the water moves from higher concentration to the lower one due to the pressure entering the salt water, furthermore, water moves against the Salts concentration gradients and natural direction osmosis. Pure water passes through the membrane, thus, salt remains in the other side of the membrane. In the United States of America, which has allocated, over 17% of the world desalination of salinity, reverse osmosis is the dominant method in desalting [3]. In this process, in addition to salt ions the other substances in water such as suspended particles, viruses, minerals, organic matter and microbes are separated from the water. In this method, pressure must be increased by rising the amount of solute in water. Thus, the required pressure for desalination is 10 to 15 bars for the brackish water and about 54 to 80 bars for seawater [4]. Therefore, the purpose of this research is utilizing the pressure, which is available at harvested areas. Moreover, Based on the obtained results, the most efficient and practical options for the regional and climatic conditions is suggested to be a small step to improve water crisis.