Optimal Design of a Stand-Alone Hybrid System Consisting of PV/WT/FC Technology

Hybrid renewable energy systems, consisting of different types of technologies, have been proposed as an ecofriendly energy system for stand-alone remote area. Comparing traditional off-grid systems, using diesel generator with renewable energy systems, it is found that the latter offers technical, economic and environmental advantages. In this study, a hybrid renewable energy system using hydrogen storage system is considered for satisfying the sample load pattern for Rafsanjan in Iran. Wind turbine site matching is very crucial for having a cost-effective energy system. Wind probability density function of the region is used to estimate capacity factor for four wind turbines and the turbine with the highest capacity factor is selected. A hybrid system consisting of wind turbine, photovoltaic panel٫ fuel cell is considered. This system is modeled, optimally sized, and compared with a diesel-alone generation system in terms of the total annual cost and environmental pollutants.