Mobile Phones Dangers on Human Health and Strategies for Reducing Risks

Background: Mobile phone use is really widespread in all age groups. Even though smartphones have made our lives easier in lots of ways, there are some risks leading to health problems. Excess usage of mobile phones induces detrimental effects on health and social skills. World Health Organization (WHO) and medical researchers are concerned about public health problems which caused by mobile phone use. It is essential to understand the risks and probable effects of phone usages. People can prevent the health hazards by understanding what the risks are and how to avoid them. Objectives: In this study, we try to gather and discuss the most recognized dangers associated with using smartphones from spinal problems to social lives damaging. In the following, we try to give some recommendations for reducing mobile phone bad effects on people s health. Methods: This study is performed with the overview form by the use of library style and the advanced internet search of the scientific article in the database like PUBMED, MAGIRAN, SCIENCE DIRECT that their full text is accessible. Results: Mobile phones connect by using radiofrequency (RF) radiation. RF radiation might lead to health problems such as headaches and migraines, reproductive organs and breasts risks (due to keeping it in pocket or bra), child’s brain tissue and bone marrow damages. Mobile phones may cause interference with some medical devices operation like pacemakers. Long term usages of smartphones bring spinal disorders due to bend necks up to 60 degrees to read and text messages. Reading small fonts or looking at the blue light of the phone can disturb the vision permanently. Cell phones could be dirty and trigger infection. Releasing less melatonin because of the light emitted from a smartphone cause get to sleep harder. Studies have reported some other health effects of applying mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, wrist problem, numb fingers, stress, and socialization issues. But some suggestions for decreasing health effects included using a landline phone, keeping phone calls short and not carrying it too close to the body. Besides that looking at something far off and focus on it for a while at regular intervals, performing some exercises of arms and fingers in prolonged usages or maybe cleaning the mobile phones can help. Conclusions: As studies have shown, long-term usage of mobile phones can cause many health problems and affect public health. Although much research has been done on the safety of mobile phones, but the results have been varied. Additionally, the biological mechanisms by which mobile phone long term usage could cause these adverse health effects are only just beginning to be understood, and until a clear mechanism exists. Therefore, as a result, to decrease phones damages, it should be used only when necessary as far as possible.