Determination of epinephrine in biological and pharmaceutical samples using modified carbon paste electrode employing CdO nanoparticle and ionic liquid

Epinephrine (EN) as one of the most important neurotransmitters in mammalian central nervous system controls the performance of the system by a series of biological reactions and nervous chemical processes. Many diseases are related to changes of the EN concentration in living systems [1-3]. Therefore, accurate determination of EN for monitoring the physiological activities and diagnosing diseases is highly desired. A fast, selective, high sensitive and simple electrochemical strategy was developed for trace analysis of EN by modified carbon paste electrode in the current work using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques. Carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified with CdO nanoparticle and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMITFB) as a binder. Electro-oxidation behavior of EN on the modified electrode was investigated which indicated that the nanostructured modified electrode could efficiently promote electrocatalytic oxidation of EN. At pH 7.0 phosphate buffer (0.1 M), the catalytic oxidation signal exhibited a wide linear range from 10.0 to 300.0 μM towards the concentration of EN with a lower detection limit of 6.0 μM. The BMITFB/CdO/NPs/CPE was also used for quantitative determination of NE in biological and pharmaceutical samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) studies were applied to characterize the synthesized CdO nanoparticles.