Disposable NiO/Graphene Nanocomposite Modified-Graphite Screen Printed Electrode for the Rapid Voltammetric Assay of Isoproterenol

Isoproterenol (ISO) is a medication used for the treatment of hypertension, allergic emergencies, bronchitis, cardiac shock, heart attack and rarely for asthma. It is a sympathomimetic. It works by relaxing blood vessels and helping the heart pump blood more efficiently. It helps to relax the airway during anesthesia to help patients breathe more easily [1]. Recently the development of graphite screen printed electrodes (SPEs) has become a major revolution in the construction of electrochemical biosensors. The suitability of SPE, which has been demonstrated in multiple applications, is consequence of low cost, high possibilities of modification, versatility of its miniaturized size and possibility of connecting them to portable instrumentation [2]. As one of the special structures of carbon, graphene (GR) exhibiting many attractive advantages, such as extraordinary electronic transport properties, large surface area (~2630 m2g-1), strong mechanical strength and long cycling life stability [3]. In this study, a NiO/graphene oxide nanocomposite was fabricated on the graphite screen printed electrode (NiO/GR/SPE), and used for determination of isoproterenol. The plot of catalytic current versus isoproterenol concentration showed linear segment in the concentration range 0.5–400.0 μM with a regression coefficient of 0.999. The NiO/GR/SPE electrode has been successfully applied and validated by analyzing isoproterenol in urine and pharmaceutical samples.