Applications of Statistical Machine Learning in Neuroimaging

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a safe and non-invasive method to recognize brain functions by using signal changes associated with the brain activity. The technique has become a tool in basic, clinical and cognitive neuroscience. In this paper, we want to explain the key role of fMRI data analysis that is able to find the parts of brain that are involve in a mechanism, or to determine the changes that occur in brain activities due to a brain lesion. Hence, we aim to review and discuss the methods of statistical machine learning techniques as one of the most existing recent developments to analyze the fMRI data.