Studying the Effects of Modernity on Development of Iranian Architecture in the Qajar Era

Qajar era was the beginning of a movement towards modernity and change in the structure of the architecture and urban development in Iran. Beginning with the Qajar era and arrival of European traders, translation of Western books, as well as Iranian students sent to Europe for the first time by Abbas Mirza and returning of those students, establishment of the first printing house in Iran was an introduction to the beginning of modernity in the country, but the greatest impact of modernity in Iran was formed during the Naser al-Din Shah, as far as this period is called Naseri. With his first trip to Europe and getting impressed by the culture and architecture of the West, the dream of building a European city in Iran was intensified and by imitating of European architecture and urbanism Europe he attempted to build new fortifications in Tehran that were an imitation of fortifications in France. Also, during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah, traveling of his chancellor named Amir Kabir to Russia for a visit, was influential in modernization of Iran and advancement of Russia seemed vast and wondrous to his mind. By creating of Darolfonoon School designed by an Iranian graduate returning from Europe, and it is considered as the first modern nontraditional building in Iran, he demonstrated a great display of modernity. Importation of goods was also another reason. The goods that had no place in Iranian architecture, such as a bed, desk and furniture that each needed its own special place to be considered, caused creation of modern architecture that we have studied it in this paper.