Genetic Variation, Adaptation, Selection and Introduction of Suitable Germplasm of Some Species of Thymus in Azarbayjan East

To investigate genetic variation, adaptation and introduction of suitable germplasm, seeds of 71 Thymus accessions obtained from the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands in 2006 were planted in Jiffy pots. Seedling were transplanted with the distance of 75 centimeter and 1 m apart from each other in the furrows in research field of Saeed Abad station, Tabriz. The field was irrigated by flooding. Phenology traits, plant establishment rate, canopy area, plant height, number of stems per plant, shoot yield, seed weight, seed yield, oil percentage and oil yield per hectare were measured. Results showed the highest percentage of essential oil were recorded in samples 25 (2.67%), 41 (2.806%) of Shiraz and sample 43 (2/2%) of Aligoodarz (three samples of T. lancifolius). The lowest percentage of the oil sample was 2 (0.38%) in T. transcaucasicus and 19 (0.41%) in T. pubescens. The maximum weight observed in 11 samples of T. kotschyanus by 2820, 37 samples of T. vulgaris by 2650 and 48 samples of T. lancifolius with 1940 kg per ha, respectively. The highest amount of oil produced in 60 samples (central province) of T. daenensis and 43 (Aligoodarz in Lorestan) of T. lancifolius, respectively with 30 and 28 kg per ha. Essential oil content and dry weight of 11 samples of T. Kotschyanus, 37 of T. vulgaris, 48 of T. lancifolius, 60 of T. daenensis, 43, 25 and 41 of T. lancifolius and their advantages and modifications are discussed.