Characterization of Essential oil Composition, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Lavender (Lavandula stricta Del.) in Iran

Climate change is predicted to bring about increased temperatures across the world in the range of 1.6 °C to as much as 6 °C by 2050. The timing of rains and crop-growing periods will also change. Therefore, it is increased need for consolidating collections of wild species, including crop wild relatives, due to increased likelihood of extinction for narrowly adapted and endemic species. So, the study faces on evaluating of characterization of essential oil composition, phenolic content, and antioxidant properties of Lavandula stricta Del. (syn. L.coronpofolia Poiert) that was done for the first time in Iran. Water-distilled essential oils, which were obtained from the dried aerial parts (flowers, leaves and stems) of mentioned plant were analyzed by means of GC and CC/MS instruments. The plant was collected during the flowering stage from preserved region of Geno, Hormozgan province of Iran. The essential oil percentage of flowers, leaves and stems were obtained 0.55%, 0.25% and 0.15% respectively. GC–MS analysis of aerial parts samples detected 44 identified compounds representing over 94.22, 86.55 and 77.4 of essential oils from flowers, leaves and stems, respectively. Caryophyllene oxide (34.54%) and Isobutyl phthalate (12.94%) were the major constituent in flowers-leaves and stems, respectively. Whereas, results showed that the highest amount of total phenols and flavonoids was significantly in the leaves and stems, respectively. The higher antioxidant activity of methanol extract of the flowers and stems extract was shown. Finally, it was found that it is needed to be performed extended study on this plant’s biodiversity and domestication.