بررسي اثرگذاري ارزيابي منابع صادرات بر شروع فعاليت¬هاي صادراتي: نقش ميانجي انتظارات مديريتي و درك مديريت از سودمندبودن صادرات

ﺻﺎدرات ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻨﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان در ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻟﺬا ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮوع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدراﺗﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ و در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﭘﯿﺸﺒﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺮوع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﻬﺎي ﺻﺎدراﺗﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺳﺎﯾﭙﺎ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه و از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ از روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ را ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان واﺣﺪ ﺻﺎدرات و ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺳﺎﯾﭙﺎ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 349 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻨﺎد ﺑﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺗﻌﺪاد 183 ﻧﻔﺮ از آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯿﺎن آﻧﺎن ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ رﺳﯿﺪه و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. داده ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﻧﺘﻈﺎرات ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ و درك ﻣﺪﯾﺮان از ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪي ﺻﺎدرات داراي اﺛﺮات ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮ روي ﺷﺮوع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدراﺗﯽ در ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﻮده اﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺻﺎدرات از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﮕﯿﺰﺷﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮوع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎدراﺗﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.

The export as one of solutions to financial development of financial businesses was the concern of managers in big companies. So detecting the factors make beginning of export activities and are effective on development, are the necessity of financial performance development in business. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effective factors on the export initiating in Saipa Company. This study was a descriptive-correlation and an applied research and to gathering data it used the survey analysis and distributing questionnaires. The statistical population of research consists of all managers and employees of export and business department of Saipa in a number of 349 employees. Referring to Cochran sampling formula a number of 183 individuals were selected in a random way and validated questionnaires of study distributed among them. Reliability of questionnaires confirmed by expertise and its stability measured by Cronbach’s Alpha. Data of research was analyzed by structural equation models. Findings showed that managerial expectations, Instrumentality and valence have direct effects on the export initiating. Also the findings indicated that international management orientation, assessment of export resources and presence of personal affinity for Internationalis are managers’ mutative factors for export initiating.