ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ اﺳﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب اﻣﮕﺎ-3 ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮرﻧﻘﺮه اي (Hipophthalmichthys molitrix)و ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه(Hipophthalmichthys nobilis)

Comparision of Omega-3 fatty acids in dorsal and ventral muscle of Silver carp (Hipophthalmichthys molitrix) and Big head carp (Aristichthys nobilis)

ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺷــﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﭘﺮوﻓﺎﯾﻞ اﺳــﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﺮب ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻋﻀــﻼﻧﯽ ﭘﺸــﺘﯽ و ﺷــﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي (Hipophthalmichthys molitrix) و ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه (Hipophthalmichthys nobilis) ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺰان ﭼﺮﺑﯽ در ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘ ﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه و ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﻮد و در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﻣﻘﺪار ﭼﺮﺑﯽ در ﻋ ﻀﻠﻪ ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻋ ﻀﻠﻪ ﭘ ﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﻮد(0/05>p). ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ در ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار داﺷﺖ و ﻣﻘﺪار آن در ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد(0/05>p). ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و ﺧﺎﮐ ﺴﺘﺮ در ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘ ﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي و ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮ ﮔﻨﺪه ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي اﺳﯿﺪ ﭼﺮب PUFA و MUFA ،SFAدر ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻧﺸﺪ(0/05 ≥ p ). اﻣﺎ در ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي ا ﺳﯿﺪ ﭼﺮب PUFA/SFAf بين عظبه پشتي و شكمي تفاوت معني داري داشت (0/05>p). ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ pUFAو SFA ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻋ ﻀﻠﻪ ﭘ ﺸﺘﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه(41 /1) ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ PUFA/SFA عظله پشتي كپور نقره اي 1/25 و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه(1/23) ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻧﺪا ﺷﺖ (0/05 ≥ p ). ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧ ﺴﺒﺖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ PUFA/SFA نيز متعلق به عظله شكمي كپور نقره اي (41 /0). ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ 6ω-3/ω- در ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ و ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي و ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮ ﮔﻨﺪه از ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺴﺒﺖ 6ω-3/ω- ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮ ﮔﻨﺪه ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي ﺑﻮد(05 EPA+DHA .(p<0/ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘ ﺸﺘﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه(18) ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي EPA+DHA در ﻋ ﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي(898) و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺷﮑﻤﯽ ﮐﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي(2/60) ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار داﺷﺖ(05.p< 0).

The present paper aimed at evaluating nutritional value and fatty acid profile of Dorsal and ventral muscle of Silver carp (Hipophthalmichthys molitrix) and Big head carp (Aristichthys nobilis).The lipid content had significant difference in the dorsal and ventral muscle of Silver carp and Big head carp and were higher in the ventral fillets than dorsal fillets (p<0.05) also The protein content had significant difference in the dorsal and ventral muscle of two species and were higher in the dorsal fillets (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in ash and moisture among dorsal muscle and ventral muscle in two species (p≥0.05). The SFA, MUFA and PUFA content had no significant differences between Dorsal and ventral fillet in big head carp (p≥0.05) but Significant differences measured between dorsal and ventral fillet in silver carp for SFA and PUFA contents species (p≥0.05). Higher ratios of PUFA/SFA were measured in dorsal fillet of big head carp (1.41) but it had no significant differences with ventral fillet of big head carp (1.23) and dorsal fillet of silver carp (1.25) and the lowest ratios of PUFA/SFA were measured in ventral fillet of silver carp (0.41). The results of this study also indicated that ω-3/ω-6 ratio in dorsal and ventral fillets of silver carp and big head carp exceeded the eligible rates proposed by nutritionists. but this ratios were significantly higher in big head carp fillet than silver carp. The highest content of EPA+DHA was detected in dorsal fillet of big head carp (18.62%). It had significant differences with EPA+DHA content in dorsal fillet (8.89) and ventral fillet (2.60) of silver carp.