اﺛﺮ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺸﮕﮏ Ducrosia anethifolia ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﺧﻮراﮐﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺰل آﻻي رﻧﮕﯿﻦﮐﻤﺎن(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effects of Ducrosia anethifolia essential oil as diet supplement on immune parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﺮكﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ آﻧﺘﯽﺑﯿﻮﺗﯿﮏﻫﺎ در آﺑﺰيﭘﺮوري، رايج شده است. در اين مطالعه اثر اسانس گياه مشگك ucrosiad d anethifolia بر رشد و پ اسخ هاي ايمني ماهي قزل آلاي رنگين كمان Oncorhynchus mykiss) ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ( 001 /0، 01 /0، و 1 /0 درصد) ﺑﺎ روﻏﻦ آﻓﺘﺎﺑﮕﺮدان ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ و ﺑﻪ ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﻣﺎﻫﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 40 روز ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎ ﻏﺬادﻫﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻟﯿﺰوزﯾﻢ و ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﮐﺸﯽ ﺳﺮم و ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﻫﺮ 10 روز اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي 01 /0 و 0/1 از لحاظ اماري بيش از تيمارهاي 001 /0،و شاهد بود. . ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﮐﺸﯽ ﺳﺮم ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﭼﻬﺎرم در روز 10 و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ در روز30 ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﮐﺸﯽ را ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﮐﺸﯽ ﺳﺮم در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﭼﻬﺎرم روز 20 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ روزﻫﺎي 30 و 10 ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 0/01 و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان آن در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 0/001 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.

Recently immunostimulants have been widely used as substitution of antibiotics to prevent diseases in aquaculture. In this study, the effects of Ducrosia anethifolia essential oil on growth and immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were evaluated. The essential oil was mixed with sunflower oil at different concentrations (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 %), added to diets and fish were fed with these diets for 40 days. white blood cell count, serum lysozyme, bactericidal and respiratory burst activity were measured every ten days. The mean of white blood cells (WBC) in 0.01 and 0.1 groups were higher than those in 0.001 and control groups. The mean of serum bactericidal activity showed no significant difference among different treatments but the fourth treatment on day 10 and the control group on day 30 showed the highest serum bactericidal activities. The highest and lowest mean of respiratory burst was observed in 0.01 and 0.001 treatments, respectively.