Advanced Oxidation Process Integration and Intensification

Advanced oxidation process intensification and integration have been proven to be more effective for treating polluted sources of drinking water and industrial wastewater economically. The selection of methods depends on the characteristics of the waste stream, environmental regulations, and cost. Therefore, the optimization of each process should be based on different aspects such as operation time, operating cost, and energy consumption. Different advanced oxidation processes such as photocatalysis, ozonation, sonolysis, and Fenton processes alone or in combination are introduced. The advantage of combining these processes to have higher degradation efficiency is studied. The most important parameter in combined methods is the synergetic effect which is a variable relative to the type of contaminant(s) and other physicochemical properties. The synergetic effect has the key role in process intensification so that a higher synergetic effect provides a higher intensified process efficiency.