Investigate of the Electrochemical Behavior and Measurement of Promethazine Hydrochloride Using Carbon Nanoparticles Modified with Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles

In the present research, the utility of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO), separately and also, for investigation of the electrochemical oxidation process and voltammetric determination of promethazin (PMZ) is demonstrated. The properties of the modified electrodes were investigated by electron force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The response of CNTs/GCE and NiO CNTs/GCE toward PMZ was compared and results showed that NiO CNTs/GCE exhibits better repeatability, reproducibility and also higher sensitivity. The oxidation peak currents of PMZ increased significantly at NiO CNTs/GCE and MWCNT/GCE in compared to the bare GCE. A calibration curve was obtained for PMZ in a linear range of 10 - 100 nmol L−1. The detection limit for promethazine hydrochloride was found to be 4 nmol L−1. It was demonstrated that the reported glassy carbon electrode modified by NiO CNTs is appropriate sensor for the determination of PMZ in the presence of tablets matrix and several other compounds that may be present in clinical samples.