چكيده فارسي :
Within SFL we are used to seeing taxonomies of functions arranged in system networks which gives the impression that there are either/or choices between one category and another. In the case of the semantic evaluative categories labelled under Attitude, this becomes problematic when Attitudes are invoked by various means, such as through reference to already stated positions in the same text or, sometimes, unstated positions in the wider language community. Many meanings are made in texts – whether verbal or visual – by invoking associations with other texts, associations which are assumed to be well-known to addressees. In these cases, the evaluative ‘charge’ will only be recognised or interpreted according to what associations are taken up, and this is to a large extent, dependent on cultural (phylogenetic and ontogenetic) membership. Many of the meanings invoked in texts are therefore liminal and polysemous in nature, with multiple activators identifiable in the co-text. Rather than a strict taxonomy of means for invoking Attitude therefore, it is better to consider a range of elements in any text which help to invoke potential evaluative stances. In this presentation, examples of this spectrum for invoking Attitude will be discussed, with a focus on intertextuality as a cover term for issues of genre and metaphor which at the same time activate potential meanings related to addresser-addressee affiliation and alignment .
