Evaluation of some dental materials used for root endcapping in terms of releasing lead, arsenic, and chromium in plasma

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of lead, arsenic and chromium toxic metals in 4 dental materials with titles A(Angelus MTA), B(Endo sequence root repair material), C(Bio-dentine) and D(CEM Cement), made by Brazil, USA, France and Iran, respectively. High Performance Liquid chromatography, Atomic Absorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry was used for metal determination. First, a 10 ppm solution of CrCl2 in doubled distilled water was used to determine the HPLC method. According to the results, for C18 column an appropriate elution solvent was ammonium acetate with a pH of 6, together with methanol, flow rate was 0.7 ml/min and  =221nm . Arsenic and lead were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Inductively coupled plasma mass (ICP-Mass) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) was used for confirming the results. For this purpose several blocks of Teflon were prepared with a hole of 2 mm in diameter and 2 mm in length. For each of the 4 dental materials, one block was took and filled by it and therefore it was placed in contact with the Liquid Simulator [SBF] away from light and in a sealed container at a temperature of 37 ° C. Finally, the amount of released heavy metals from any of the dental materials mentioned above was investigated. The results showed that all three materials A, B and C had toxic metals such as lead, chromium and arsenic, and the released chromium content was obtained in C B A, respectively. Also, for D (construction of Iran), there was no release of lead, arsenic and chromium.