Voltammetric DNA biosensors in order to early detection of some dangerous diseases

Biomarker usually refers to a biological measurable indicator, and sometimes also to a substance whose its presence indicates the presence of a living organism. Biomarkers may be used alone or in combination, to assess an individual s health or disease. Today, a wide range of biomarkers is used. Each biological system (e.g. cardiovascular, metabolic or immune system) has its own biomarkers. The ideal biomarker has certain features that are appropriate to review the terms of certain diseases. In medical field, biomarker can be used in an organism as a detectable substance and means to evaluate the performance of its members. Presence of biomarker in the body may be indicative of a particular disease and this is one of the biomarker applications. Biomarkers are used primarily for the prediction of serious diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Each biomarker is used alone or in conjugation to provide an accurate picture of whether a person is healthy or not [1]. Because the concentration of biomarkers is very low, various methods have been used for increasing voltammetric signal, such as Au nano particles, enzymes, carbon nano tubes and quantum dots. In this work, we intend to develop voltammetric DNA biosensor using nano magnetic beads and liposomal or polymerosomal network for measurement of some biomarkers related to some dangerous diseases. Polymerosomes are a group of synthetic vesicles made from block copolymers with amphiphilic properties. Most reported polymersomes contain an aqueous solution in their core and are useful for encapsulating and protecting electroactive indicators. These polymerosomes can release electroactive indicators by external stimuli, arriving at the measurement step that significantly increases the voltammetric signal of electroactive indicators.