ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﻢﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮔﻨﺪﻣﻨﺎن در اﻗﻠﯿﻢﻫﺎي ﮔﺮم و ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻓﺎرس

Determination of optimum sowing date for new commercialcultivars of bread wheat (Triticumaestivum L.)in warm and moderate zones of Fars province

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺷﺪن ﺑﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﻗﻢﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺮوز ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و اﻧﻄﺒﺎق ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺷﺪﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ رﻗﻢﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮔﻨﺪﻣﻨﺎن در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮم و ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻓﺎرس اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ دردو اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه زرﻗﺎن و داراب ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1397-98 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. در ﻫﺮ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن ﺑﻮد. ﮐﺮت ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر ﭘﺸﺘﻪ 60 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه زرﻗﺎن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد. ﻋﺪم ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖﻫﺎ و رﻗﻢﻫﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ ﺑﻪدﻟﯿﻞ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در رﻗﻢ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ.در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه داراﺑﺒﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪه ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺮم اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس، ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﻢﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم اواﯾﻞ آذر ﻣﺎه ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ واﮐﻨﺶ رﻗﻢﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ،ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

In order to achieve the potential grain yield of wheat cultivars in current climate change condition, andsynchronizing of growth stages of wheat cultivars with environmental conditions, determination of sowing date is essential. This project aimed to determine the optimum sowing date of new commercial wheat cultivars in warm and temperate zones of Fars province. Two experiments were conducted at the Zarghan and Darab research stations in split plots design with randomized complete block arrangement with three replications in 2018-19 growing season. In each experiment, the main plots were consists five sowing dates and sub-plots dimensions were assigned to the five new bread wheat cultivars. The sub-plot dimentmwerefiveand 2.4 m in length and width. Results showed that the grain yield was not affected by sowing date and cultivars in Zarghan station. It was also probably due to be cross over between sowing date and cultivars. The best sowing date for wheat cultivars in Darab station as the representive of warm zone of Fars province was determined in early December. Results indicated that the response of cultivars to planting date at Zarghan and Darab was very different