ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﺎران ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺎك ورزي و ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﺳﺮد ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه

Evaluation of Baran wheat variete grain yield under different levels of tillage systems and nitrogen fertilizer in dryland moderate cold conditions (Kermanshah)

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺧﺎك ورزي ﻫﺎ و ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم در ﺗﻨﺎوب ﻧﺨﻮد در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸـﯽ ﺑـﺎ 8 ﺗﯿﻤـﺎر ﺑـﻪ روش اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﺎل در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در اﯾﺴـﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘـﺎت ﮐﺸـﺎورز ي دﯾـﻢ ﺳﺮارود ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺧﺎك ورزي در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺪون ﺧﺎك ورزي )T0( و ﮐﻢ ﺧﺎك ورزي )T1( در ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي اﺻـﻠ ﯽ و ﮐـﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﻔﺮ)N45) 45 ،(N30) 30 ،(N0( و 60 )N60( ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺧﺎﻟﺺ در ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋـ ﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺧﺎك ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮات اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺧﺎك ورزي و ﺳﻄﻮح ﻧﯿﺘـﺮوژن ﺗـﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨـﯽ دار ﺑـﺮ روي ﮐﺮﺑﻦ آﻟﯽ ، ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺧﺎﮐﺪاﻧﻪ و درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﮐﻞ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات دو ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و ﺳﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺧﺎك ورزي ﺗـﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﺮ روي ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﺎل دوم اﺟﺮا ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺼـﺮف 45 ﮐﯿﻠـﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘـﺮوژن ﺧـﺎﻟﺺ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر Y2N45( ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺧﺎك ورزي اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑـﯿﻦ ﺻـﻔﺎت ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸـﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ و ﺑﺪون ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺧﺎك ورزي در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺳﺮد ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﺗﻨﺎوب ﻧﺨﻮد در ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ 15 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺟﻮﯾﯽ ﺷﺪ.

In order to investigate effects of different tillage systems and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on wheat grain yield with chickpea rotation in rainfed moderate cold conditions, experiments were conducted in split plot arrangemnt based on randomized complete block design in 8 treatments with three replications for four years in Two chickpea and wheat phases from 1393-1397. Tretments of tillage systems were No tillage (T0) and minimum tillage (T1) as a main plots and nitrogen fertilizer application rates were as subplot with four levels 0 (N0), 30 (N30), 45 (N45) and 60 (N60) kilogram per hectare. Data of these experiments were collected and analysed according to research method (GENESTAT and MSTATC). The results of soil analysis showed that the main and interaction effects of tillage system and nitrogen application did not have a significant effect on % Organic Carbon (O.C), mean weight diameter (MWD) and %Nitrogen contents. Three way interaction effects of year, tillage and nitrogen showed that treatments were not significant on collected data. Interaction effects of year (Y) and nitrogen (N) levels were significantly different, where showed that Y2N45 treatment had the highest grain yield compared to other treatments.. From this study it can be concluded with rotaion of chick pea with conservation tillage, nitrogen requirement can reduced at least 15 kg/ha of nitrogen for grain yield of Baran wheat.