اﺛﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز و ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮﯾﮑﺲ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ

Effects of weed management and cover crops on yield and Brix index of two cultivars of tomato

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﺷﺪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮﯾﮑﺲ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ در ﮐﺸﺖ زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮي در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1396-97 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﯿﺎه ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ )ﺧﻠﺮ، ﻣﺎﺷﮏ ﮔﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي، ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ و ﭼﺎودار(، آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰه )ﺑﺪون ﮔﯿﺎه ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ( و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺧﺎكورزي ﺑﺪون آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰه( و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ )8320 و 6515 از ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﻓﻼت( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه در ﭼﯿﻦﻫﺎي اول، دوم و ﺳﻮم در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺎﺷﮏ ﮔﻞﺧﻮﺷﻪاي )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 5760/98، 2896 و 1563/51 ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 4156/32، 1742/65 و 600/90 ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داﺷﺖ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮﯾﮑﺲ رﻗﻢ 8320 ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از رﻗﻢ 6515 ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ زﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﻣﺎﺷﮏ ﮔﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺆﺛﺮي در ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﮔﻮﺟﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﯽ ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

In order to evaluate the effect of growth, fruit yield and brix index of two tomato cultivars affected as cover crops as winter crops, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at field conditions in Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during 2017-2018. Four winter cover crops (WCC) [such as chickling pea, hairy vetch, fenugreek and rye], irrigation (tilled soil without WCC) and control (tilled soil without irrigation) were considered as main factor and sub plots were two tomato cultivars (including 8320 and 6515 from FALAT Co.). The highest and the lowest fruit yield for the first, second and third ripening stages were related to hairy vetch (with 5760.98, 2896 and 1563.51 kg.ha-1) and control (with 4156.32, 1742.65 and 600.90 kg.ha-1), respectively. Brix index for 8320 cultivar was higher than 6515 cultivar. Therefore, all of the cover crops can be considered potential winter-sown options prior to tomato ecological production especially hairy vetch.