ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﮔﯿﺎه ذرت

Integrated weed management (chemical & physical) in corn

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﭻ زﻧﺪه ﻣﺎﺷﮏ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ذرت داﻧﻪ اي، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺧﺮدﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل 1393 در ﻓﯿﺮوزآﺑﺎد، اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﺮﮐﻮب ﻣﺎﻟﭻ زﻧﺪه ﻣﺎﺷﮏ در ﺳﻪ زﻣﺎن )4، 6 و 8 ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ذرت ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ ﺗﻮﻓﻮردي ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 750 ﺳﯽ ﺳﯽ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( در ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻣﺎﺷﮏ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )10، 20، 40 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺪم وﺟﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز )NW( و وﺟﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ) W( در ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﮑﻞ آﻓﺮﯾﻦ در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﭘﯿﭽﮏ ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ )Convolvulus arvensis( و ﻣﻨﺪاب )Eruca sativa( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 16 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ روي اﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 40 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻣﺎﻟﭻ زﻧﺪه ﻣﺎﺷﮏ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺸﯽ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻣﻨﺪاب و ﭘﯿﭽﮏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﺼﻞ داﺷﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ 76/15 و % 72/15 در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ﻣﻨﺪاب و ﭘﯿﭽﮏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﺼﻞ ﺷﺪ.

In order to evaluate efficacy living mulch of Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) on yield and yield components of maize varieties (SC.704) an experiment based on a randomized complete block design arranged as a split-split plot with four replications was conducted in Meteorology Station of Fars Province, city of Firoozabad during 2015. Suppression of living mulch of Common vetch were arranged in three times (4, 6, 8 leaf stages of corn by using 2,4-D herbicide in the amount of 750 ml/ha) in main plot, and Common vetch density on Three levels (10, 20 and 40 plant m-2) With two levels no weeding and weeding in subplot, respectively. The most important weed species in the experiment were Pink mustard (Eruca sativa ) and Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis). Average total Weed density in weedy control condition was 133 plant/m2. With considering impact of different treatments on these weed was founded among experiment s treatments only density 40 (plant m-2) living mulch of Common vetch had the most effectiveness in decrease Pink mustard density and Field bindweed density than weedy control, and this was caused decrease Pink mustard and Field bindweed population than weedy control.