ارزيابي تاثير كاربرد خارجي اسپرميدين بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد لوبيا چيتي ( Phaseolus (vulgaris L. تحت تنش خشكي

Evaluation effect of exogenous application spermidine on yield and yield components of Pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by drought stress

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﭼﯿﺘﯽ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺮزﻋﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 1398 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. آﺑﯿﺎري ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﯾﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )60ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﺸﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ(، ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﻔﯿﻒ و ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 80و 100 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﮏ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﮐﻼس A( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﻄﻮح ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ و ﻋﺪم ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ )ﺑﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 0,5 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺳﻄﻮح ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ وزن ﺻﺪ داﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﻼف در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﻏﻼف، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪو ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳ.ﺖ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻨﺶ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ، ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷ.ﺪ ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل، ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري از ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي، ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮي اﺳﺖ.

To study the Evaluation effect drought stress on Yield and Yield Components of Pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by exogenous application Spermidine, the split plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at research farm the Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran (Iran) in 2019. drought stress as the main factor were applied after 60 (Normal irrigation), 80 (Mild stress) and 100 mm evaporation from class A pan (Severe stress) and Spraying and non-spraying spermidine (concentration of 0.5 mM) as subplots. The results indicated that effect each of the treatments and their interactions for seed 100 weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed and biological yield was significant. Overall, drought stress significantly reduced yield components of beans. Also, the present study demonstrated that exogenous Spd application Compared to non-spraying, alleviated the adverse effects of drought stress in all traits. However, to exploit Spd for agricultural benefits more research is needed to evaluate Further studies are needed.