ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن

Yield, yield components and oil content of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in different areas of Golestan province

ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت زراﻋﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻟﺬا در اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﺎهداﻧﻪ ).Nigella sativa L( در ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن، ﺳﺮﺧﻨﮑﻼﺗﻪ، ﻗﺮق و ﮔﻨﺒﺪ ﮐﺎووس ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﮐﺸﺖ زراﻋﯽ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ ﺳﺎل 1397 در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﺟﺮا ﺷ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﺸﺖ روي ﺻﻔﺎت ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﭙﺴﻮل در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﮐﭙﺴﻮل، وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻃﻮل، ﻋﺮض و ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ داﻧﻪ و درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ داﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ دار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣ.ﺪ از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﮔﺮ ﻫﺪف از ﮐﺸﺖ ﺳﯿﺎهداﻧﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﺎ درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، در درﺟﻪ اول ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻨﺒﺪ ﮐﺎووس و ﺑﻌﺪ از آن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن و ﺳﺮﺧﻨﮑﻼﺗﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان درﺻﺪ روﻏﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ داﻧﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ داﺷﺖ.

Environmental factors and climatic conditions of each region are considered as one of the most important factors limiting the quality and quantity of crops. Therefore, in this research, the black cumin medical plant yield and morphological characteristics and percentage of seed oil for agronomic advice measured and evaluated in four regions of Gorgan, Sorkhankalateh, Qoroq and Gonbadkavus by compeletely randomized block design in autumn of 2018. According the obtained results, Significant differences were observed for plant height, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-grain weight, biological and grain yield, Grain length, width and thickness and seed oil percentage by Change the cultivation area. highest grain and biological yield obtained in Gorgan. Moreover, the highest oil content obtained in Gonbadkavus. Also, oil content was positively correlated with seed morphological characteristics.