اثر پرايمينگ بر جوانه زني و فيزيولوژي بذر لوبيا قرمز (Phaseolus vulgaris) تحت تنش كلريد كادميوم

Effect of priming on germination and physiology of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seed under cadmium chloride stress

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻮم، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﺤﻘﻖ اردﺑﯿﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻮم )در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﺻﻔﺮ، 100 و 200 ﭘﯽﭘﯽام از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ( و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ )ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ، ﻫﯿﺪرو ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ، اﺳﻤﻮ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ و ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ( ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻮد. ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ درﺻﺪ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ، ﯾﮑﻨﻮاﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻣﺎن ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرت ﺑﺬر ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮل و آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ آنﻫﺎ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ اﺳﺘﺮس ﺷﺪﯾﺪ روﻧﺪ ﻧﺰوﻟﯽ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻮم ﺳﺒﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ و ﺑﻨﯿﻪ ﺑﺬر ﺷﺪ، اﻣﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع، ﻫﯿﺪرو ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺳﻤﻮ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ و ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮبﺗﺮي ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﻟﻮﺑﯿﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد.

In order to investigate the effect of priming on germination of bean seed under cadmium chloride stress conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabilli. Experimental treatments included three levels of cadmium (at concentrations of 0, 100 and 200 ppm of chloride source) and four priming treatments (no priming, hydro priming, osmotic priming, and hormone priming) with three replications. The studied traits were percentage, rate, uniformity and mean germination time and seed vigor indices. The results showed that the highest percentage and rate of germination were observed in mannitol and distilled water and the lowest values were related to salicylic acid treatments, respectively which showed the reduction trend under stress. Cadmium chloride decreased seed germination and vigor, but no significant difference was observed between the two levels. Overall, hydro-priming showed better results on germination traits of red bean than osmotic-prime and hormone-prime.