اﺛﺮ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺣﻔﺮه ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺬب ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ از ﺧﺎك آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮب و ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻢ در ﺑﺮگ، رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﮔﯿﺎه اﺳﻔﻨﺎج

Effects of nano porous Activated Carbon on reducing lead and cadmium absorption in a contaminated soil in leaves, root and Extraction Coefficient (EC%) by spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎذب ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از آن ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﮐﺴﺎزي و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻮاد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺬب ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ از ﺧﺎك آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮب )Pb( و ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻢ )Cd( و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ دوﺗﺎﯾﯽ )Pb* Cd( در ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل، 5000 0، 10000، 15000 ،20000 ،دوﺳﻄﺢ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺳﺮب 0و4000 و دوﺳﻄﺢ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﺎدﻣﯿﻢ 0و 80 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺧﺎك اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 3 ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ.ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ در ﺑﺮگ، رﯾﺸﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﺷﺮاﯾﻄﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺧﺎك در ﻣﻌﺮض آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺖ، ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داراي ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل داراي ﺑﺮﺗﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل درﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺬب ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﺧﺎك را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داده و ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻤﺘﺮي از آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮگ، رﯾﺸﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل دﻫﺪ و ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﺮﺑﻦ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺧﺎك ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Activated carbon (AC) has been long recognized as prominent absorbents in industries and could be employed for remediation or reutilization of chemicals. In order to investigate the capacity of AC in reducing the absorption of heavy metals (HM) including lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and dual complex (Pb * Cd) by spinach, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications on a pot trial was conducted. Three factors including five levels of AC 0, 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000 mg/kg soil, one concentration level of Pb 4,000 mg/kg soil and one concentration level of cadmium Cd 8 mg/ kg soil were tested. The index of heavy metal concentration was calculated in leaf, root and extraction coefficient (EC %). Results illustrated that in contaminated soils, plants with AC exhibited a superior reduction of absorption of HM in the plants without AC. The foremost result regarding the impact of AC on reducing the concentration of Pb and Cd was observed in 20,000 level of AC. This reveals that AC declined the soil contamination and lessened the accumulation of HM into the leaves, roots and extraction coefficient (EC %). Results suggest that the application of AC may be an eligible solution for decreasing the translocation of HM into the plants.