ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺘﯿﻞﺟﺎزﻣﻮﻧﺎت واﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻮاب و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻏﺪه ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ

Effect Of Methyle Jasmonat an‎d Spermine On Breaking Bud Dormancy an‎d Sprout Quality Of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers

ﻏﺪه ﺗﺎزه ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه، ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع رﻗﻢ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 3 ﺗﺎ20 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ رﮐﻮد )ﺧﻮاب( ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺮد و در ﺻﻮرﺗﯿﮑﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻏﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ، ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ، ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ، وﺟﻮد ﺧﻮاب ﯾﮏ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮐﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻦ ﺧﻮاب ﻏﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ 6×2 در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﺘﯿﻞﺟﺎزﻣﻮﻧﺎت در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 0/001، 0/01 و 1 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﻮل ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ، اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ 20 و 40 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ و آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ )ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ( ﺑﺮ روي ﻏﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺐزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ارﻗﺎم راﻣﻮس و ﻣﺎرﻓﻮﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﺑﯿﺪار ﺷﺪن ﻏﺪهﻫﺎ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﻇﻬﻮر ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﻃﻮل و ﻗﻄﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ، اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر روي ﻏﺪهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﺷﺪن ﺧﻮاب ﻏﺪهﻫﺎ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﺗﺮﯾﻦ زﻣﺎن، ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﯿﻞﺟﺎزﻣﻮﻧﺎت 0/001 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮل ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻦ 40 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را داﺷﺖ.

At harvest, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers are dormant and will not sprout for 3 to 20 weeks. If the tubers are to be cultivated immediately after harvest, the presence of dormancy is a limiting factor. Moreover endogenous hormones have been proposed to play a significant role in tuber dormancy regulation. So In this experiments the effect of growth regulators on breaking of dormancy and acceleration of sprouting of potato tubers was studied. Therefore 6×2 factorial experiments were carried out. this experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with 4 replications of 10 tubers. For this purpose exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mmol l-1) and spermine (20 and 40 mg l-1) and distilled water as control was used.The Second factor was 2 cultivars of potato tubers( Marfona and Ramos). Results showed that, in both cultivars, applying of MJ and SP breaking of dormancy. . Methyl jasmonate 0.001 mmol l-1 had highest effect and 40 mg l-1 spermine was less effective