ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن رﯾﺰ ازدﯾﺎدي رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎدﻣﺠﺎن ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي (Solanum melongena L.)

Investigation of micro propagation of Greenhouse Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

اﻣﺮوزه ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ از ﺗﺤﻮل ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺷﺪه و ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه اي در ازدﯾﺎد اﻧﻮاع ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي درﺧﺘﯽ، درﺧﺘﭽﻪ اي و ﻋﻠﻔﯽ دارﻧﺪ. ﻣﺰاﯾﺎﯾﯽ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ، ﺣﻔﻆ ﺛﺒﺎت ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ، ﻋﺪم ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ زﻣﺎن و ﻣﮑﺎن و ﻏﯿﺮه ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ،اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ از ﺑﯿﻮﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋه اي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎدﻣﺠﺎن ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺎد واردات ﺑﺬر،ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي روز اﻓﺰون وﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﺪم اﻣﮑﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﺑﺎ روﺷﻬﺎي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﺑﻪ روش رﯾﺰ ازدﯾﺎدي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ دو ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ MS، 1/2MS در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح آﻣﺎري ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ و اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي NAA در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞmg/l)2و 1/5و 1و0/5( و BAP در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ mg/l )0/2و 0/1 و 0( و ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار، اﺛﺮ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. رﯾﺰ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ از ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ زاﯾﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ و ﻋﻤﻞ زﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﺖ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ آﻣﺎري ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SAS ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ 1/2MSدر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎ داراي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﻬﺘﺮي در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن NAA 2ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( ﺑﺪونBAP )0 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي رﯾﺸﻪ زاﯾﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.

The tissue culture techniques and they have important role in producing of kinds of plant species. The benefits as genetic stability, reducing of cost and time a reason for special important of this field of biotechnology. In this study Greenhouse Eggplant (Solanum lycopersicum ) was selected because high cost of this producing by asexual propagation and it’s have high axillary difficult in Iran. In this study some media cultures: MS, 1/2 MS. Investigated in factorial statistical design with two hormones called NAA in four Levels (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) mg/l and BAP in tri levels (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg/l and by Tri repetition. Results showed most suitable treatment for explant (shoot tip) sterilization of samples is using %96 ethanol and %15 vaitex and washing with water in proliferation,and then was sub culture rooting stage. Also Result showed1/2MS media is more suitable relative to others media and high doze of NAA (2 mg/l) and low concentartion of BAP (0 mg/l) in rooting stage is suitable.