اﺛﺮ روش ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺬر ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز

Effects of alfalfa seeding rates and planting methods on weed density

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ روش ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺬر ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز، آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 4 ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ )ﺟﻮي و ﭘﺸﺘﻪ اي- ﮐﺮﺗﯽ ردﯾﻔﯽ- ﮐﺮﺗﯽ درﻫﻢ و ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺗﺨﺖ( و ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺬر ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ در 4 ﺳﻄﺢ )5، 15،10 و 20 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺬر در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ 5 ﻧﻮع ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎجﺧﺮوس، ﮔﻨﺪﻣﮏ، ﺳﻠﻤﻪﺗﺮه، ﺧﺮﻓﻪ و ﭘﯿﭽﮏ ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ، ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ﺗﺎج ﺧﺮوس ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز در ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 5 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺬر ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﯾﻮﻧﺠﻪ، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺗﻌﺪاد و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز دﯾﮕﺮ ﺷﺪ.

In order to evaluate the interactive effects of planting method and different seedling rates on weed frequencies, a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments included four levels of planting methods (Furrow planting, Broadcasting, Row planting, and Flatbed) and four seedling rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 kg/ha). Five weed species including common lambsquarter, redroot pigweed, common chickweed, field bindweed and common purslane was observed in the field. Also the results showed that increasing the alfalfa seedling rate enhanced redroot pigweed frequencies. The highest weed numbers and weed dry weight was observed in 5 kg seedling rate and increasing seedling rate reduced the number and weed dry weight.