اﺛﺮ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺮ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف آب دو رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﭼﻤﭙﺎ ﻗﺼﺮ دﺷﺘﯽ و ﻓﯿﺮوزان

The effect of different irrigation methods on water use efficiency of two rice varieties of Champa Ghasr Dashti and Firoozan

ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﮐﻢ ﺑﻮدن راﻧﺪﻣﺎن آﺑﯿﺎري در ﻣﺰارع ﺑﺮﻧﺞ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﻬﺮه وري از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد را ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺮ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف آب دو رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﭼﻤﭙﺎ و ﻓﯿﺮوزان در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﯿﻀﺎء ﺳﭙﯿﺪان واﻗﻊ دراﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﺑﻪ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ اي در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺮﺗﻬﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه -ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ روش آﺑﯿﺎري و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷ.ﺪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﯿﻤﺎر آﺑﯿﺎري ﻫﺮ روز ﻏﺮﻗﺎب، ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ دور آﺑﯿﺎري ﺳﻪ روزه، ﻗﻄﺮه اي ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ روي ﮐﺮت ﺑﺎ دور آﺑﯿﺎري دو روزه و ﻗﻄﺮه اي ﺑﺪون ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺑﺎ دور آﺑﯿﺎري دو روزه ﺑﻮد. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﭼﻤﭙﺎ ﻗﺼﺮدﺷﺘﯽ و ﻓﯿﺮوزان ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ آب ورودي ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از روش ﻫﺎي آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﻨﺘﻮر ﺣﺠﻤﯽ در ﻓﺸﺎر ﺛﺎﺑﺖ دو اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ روش آﺑﯿﺎري و رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع، راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف آب و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺼﺮف آب ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ روش آﺑﯿﺎري ﻗﻄﺮه اي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ دار رﻗﻢ ﻓﯿﺮوزان داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮد.

Lack of water resources and low irrigation efficiency in rice fields necessitate optimal use and increased productivity of available resources. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different irrigation methods on water use efficiency of two rice varieties of Champa and Firoozan in Bayza-Sepidan area of Fars province. Field cultivation was carried out in split plot design with randomized complete block design with main factor of irrigation method and sub-factor of rice cultivars in three replications. The main factors included four irrigation treatments per day watering, three days irrigation periodic watering, two-day irrigation with plastic drip and two-day irrigation without drip irrigation. The sub-factor includes two varieties of Champa Ghasrashti and Firoozan rice. The mass of water each irrigation techniques using water meters were calculated at constant pressure of two atmospheres. Analysis of variance showed significant interaction between irrigation method and cultivar on height, water use efficiency and harvest index. Comparison of the mean data showed that the highest water use efficiency was obtained by drip irrigation method which had acceptable yield.