ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن ﺗﯿﺮﮔﺎن در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ

Evaluation of grain yield in Tirgan bread wheat cultivar under different sowing dates

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن ﺗﯿﺮﮔﺎن در ﺷﺶ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 20 آﺑﺎن، 30 آﺑﺎن، 10 آذر، 20 آذر، 30 آذر و 10 دي ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 98- 97 در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﮔﺮﮔﺎن اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 30 آﺑﺎن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ رﻗﻢ ﺗﯿﺮﮔﺎن در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 30 آﺑﺎن 6390/7 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 10 آذر 5741/3 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در دو ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري آﻣﺎري ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻨﺪ و ﭘﺲ از آن ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻣﺠﻤﻮع درﺟﻪ روزﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ )GDD( در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 20 آﺑﺎن ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 30 آﺑﺎن و 10 آذر ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ اي از ﻧﻈﺮ GDD درﯾﺎﻓﺘﯽ و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ آورده ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

In this study, grain yield of Tirgan bread wheat cultivar was evaluated on six sowing dates including November 11, November 21, December 1, December 11, December 21 and December 31. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in format of a randomized complete block (RBCD) design with three replications at the Gorgan agricultural research station, during 2018-19 cropping season. The results showed that the highest grain yield, biological yield and grain number per spike was observed on november 21. The grain yield of Tirgan cultivar was respectively 6390.7 kg ha-1 on November 21 and 5741.3 kg ha-1 on December 1, which was significantly greater than other sowing dates. The number of spikes per square meter was not significantly different between the two primary sowing dates and then decreased significantly. The accumulated growing degree days (GDD) on November 11 was greater than other sowing dates. According to the results, it can be concluded that November 21 and December 1 sowing dates have provided suitable conditions in terms of accumulated GDD and plant height, which led to a higher grain yield.