ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ در اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در دو رﻗﻢ ارزن در اردﺳﺘﺎن

Effect of salicylic acid spraying on drought resistance in two varieties of Panicum miliaceum in Ardestan region

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه اﻣﺮوزه ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ در اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ دو رﻗﻢ ارزن در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اردﺳﺘﺎن، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﯿﻠﺖ ﭘﻼت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 3 ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﻗﻄﻊ آﺑﯿﺎري در زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن و رﻗﻢ ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻫﻨﮓ ارزن و ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺪم ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ و ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 5 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺷﺪ. اﺳﯿﺪﺳﺎﻟﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ارﺗﻔﺎع، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد و اﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﺴﯿﻠﯿﮏ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در ﮔﯿﺎه ارزن را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ در رﻗﻢ ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ، اﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺸﺖ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آب ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

The application of salsilic asid as one of the plant hormones in incressing te resistance of plants to stresses such as drought has increased. In this regard, to investigate the foliar application of salicylic acid in drought resistance of two millet cultivars in Ardestan region, the experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot based on randomized complete block with 3 replications. Exprimental variables inclodingdrought stress at two levels of control and irrigation interruption at the time of emergence of the cluster were considerd as the main factors. The sub- factors were respectivly: millet cultivars in two levels of Bastan and Pishahang cultivar and salsilic asid in two levels of non foliar application and foliar application. Drought stress decreased leaf area, 1000-grain weight and biological yield. Salicylic acid increased height, grain yield and chlorophyll, which was higher in stress conditions than nonstress conditions. This indicates the role of salicylic acid in increasing drought resistance in millet. Due to less weight loss of a thousand seeds in Pishahang cultivar than in Bastan under drought stress, this cultivar was more drought resistant and is more suitable for cultivation under water shortage conditions.