توليد ديوسژنين تحت تاثير نانوذرات كبالت در محيط رشد ريشه ي گياه شنبليله ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Produce diosgenin under influence of cobalt nanoparticles in growth medium of fenugreek root

دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎﭘﻮﻧﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺮوﺋﯿﺪي ﻣﻬﻢ در ﮔﯿﺎه ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺎده ﭘﯿﺶ ﺳﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻮرﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژﺳﺘﺮون ﮐﻮرﺗﯿﮑﻮاﺳﺘﺮوﺋﯿﺪ و ﻗﺮص ﻫﺎي ﺿﺪﺑﺎرداري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ در ﮔﯿﺎه ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ از ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ اﻟﯿﺴﺘﻮر در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻣﻮاد ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ اﯾﯽ رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ )0،100،200،300 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺻﻔﺎت آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﻋﺒﺎرت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ روﯾﺸﯽ )ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺑﺮگ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ وزن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺮ و ﺧﺸﮏ رﯾﺸﻪ، اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ (ofو ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﺷﺪه در اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ و رﯾﺸﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ. ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﺷﺪه در اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﻢ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذره ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ و وزن ﺗﺮ رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﺗﺮ رﯾﺸﻪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮي ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ دﯾﻮﺳﮋﻧﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐﺒﺎﻟﺖ در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺷﻨﺒﻠﯿﻠﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﻨﺪ.

One of the most important steroidal saponins in fenugreek is diosgenin, which applied as a precursor to produce progesterone hormones, corticosteroid and ontraceptive pills. The aim of this study was increase the production of diosgenin in fenugreek. Cobalt nanoparticles have been used as an elicitor in culture medium of fenugreek to increase diosgenin product. In this study, different concentration of nanoparticles (100,200,300 μM) have been used. Experimental traits such as vegetative growth indices (length of root and stem, leaf area, dry and fresh weight of root and shoot) and produced diosgenin content in shoot and root of fenugreek seedling were measured. The results indicated that maximum production of diosgenin in shoot was obtained at the lowest concentration of cobalt nanoparticles. Different concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles which used in fenugreek led to increase leaf area and fresh weight of root. The maximum weight of fresh root was obtained at lower concentrations of cobalt nanoparticles, while these nanoparticles didn’t have any influence on the dry weight of shoot. Thus, using cobalt nanoparticles in culture medium of fenugreek, was able to increase the production of diosgenin.