ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪاي ﺑﺮ روي ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﮐﺎﻧﻮﭘﯽ در ﻧﺨﻮد ﮐﺎﺑﻠﯽ

Effect of sowing date and nutrition management on canopy spread in kabuli chickpea

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﺮاﻏﻪ در ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1395-1396 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﻧﺨﻮد اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻋﮑﺲاﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻧﺨﻮد ﺑﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪاي در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎري ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﯾﺎدي اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ )ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﺎره و ﮐﺸﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎري( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﻋﺪم ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻮد(، ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ NPK )20-20-20(، ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ ﺑﯿﺴﺖ ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﮐﻮد ﮐﺎﻣ،ﻞ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ از ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺬور ﺑﺎ ﮐﻮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژﻧﻪ و ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﮐﻼتﻫﺎي آﻫﻦ+ روي+ ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻋﺮض ﺳﺎﯾﻪ اﻧﺪاز و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ، ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻮدي و ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﮐﻮد در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻫﺮ دو ﺻﻔﺖ در ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﺎره ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮐﺸﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎري ﺑﻮد. در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻮدي ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﺮض ﺳﺎﯾﻪ اﻧﺪاز و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﮐﻮد در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ در ﻫﺮ دوﺻﻔﺖ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ در ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻬﺎره ﺑﺮﺗﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد.

This research was carried out in Research Farm of Maragheh University during 2016-2017 growing season on Chickpea as Split-plot experiment conducted based on a randomized complete block desing with three replications. Whereas there is not enouph information about chickpeas reaction to different nutritional management, this study don. So the main factor included sowing date (spring sowing and waiting planting) and sub factors included fertilizer treatments: control (no fertilizer application), NPK fertilizer (20-20-20), animal manure Twenty ton per hectare, Nano complete fertilizer, Pre-plant bacterial inoculation with biofertilizer phosphorus and nitrogen and nano chelated zinc + iron + manganese fertilizers. Results showed that canopy spread and number of sub branch per plant affected by sowing date, fertilizer treatment and interaction effect of fertilizer × sowing date. an‎d in spring date were higher than waiting planting. In fertilizer treatment, respectively chemical fertilizer and FYM on canopy spread and number of sub branch was better than other treatments. Also interaction effect of fertilizer × sowing date, in both of the trait FYM in spring date was the best treatment.