شناسايي In silico اعضاي خانواده ژني MYB در سورگوم (Sorghum bicolor)

In silico analysis of MYB gene family in Sorghum bicolor

اﻣﺮوزه ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮزﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن و ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻏﺬاي اﺻﻠﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن را ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ ﻧﮋادي ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي روﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺰرگ ژﻧﯽ 1MYB از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي روﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨ.ﺪ اﯾﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده در ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ واﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ دارﻧ.ﺪ در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن، ژن ﻫﺎي MYB ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ -3R- R2R3- 1،Rو -4R MYB ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧ.ﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي R2R3-MYB در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﻮﻋﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﺳ. ﺖ اﻋﻀﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎه آراﺑﯿﺪوﭘﺴﯿﺲ )A r(abidopsis thaliana و ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ BlastP در ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﺑﻮﺳﯿﻠﻪ HmmScan، وﺟﻮد دﻣﯿﻦ MYB در آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ClustalW و MEGA7، درﺧﺖ ﻓﯿﻠﻮژﻧﯽ رﺳﻢ ﺷﺪ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 130 و 209 ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ آراﺑﯿﺪوﭘﺴﯿﺲ و ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم در 2 ﮔﺮوه و 23 زﯾﺮﮔﺮوه دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه و رواﺑﻂ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻟﺬا اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ وﺟﻮد دو ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﻔﺎوت در ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺗﮏ ﻟﭙﻪ و دو ﻟﭙﻪ و ﺗﻔﺎوت در 23 زﯾﺮﮔﺮوه ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﻔﺎوت در ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﻋﻀﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ژﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

One of the most important subjects in plant breeding at the present time is developing field crop plants which are resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Identification of effective factors which induce the resistance will exactly help breeding programs. Transcription factors and respectively MYB gene family is one of these factors. MYB genes are divided into 4 groups in plants included: 1R-, R2R3-, 3R and 4R-MYB. R2R3-MYB proteins play several roles in plants including the regulation of plant responses to environmental stresses.Therefore, Arabidopsis thaliana MYB proteins were used as query for BlastP to identify MYB proteins in S.bicolor. To conform the existence of MYB domains, results were scanned by HMMscan and then all of sequences aligned by ClustalW and subsequently phylogenic tree was constructed by MEGA7. 130 A.thaliana and 209 S.bicolor proteins were categorized in two groups and 23 subgroups following by prediction of their evolutionary relations and function. It seems that divergence of monocots and dicots is the reason for having 2 groups (black and blue) and divergence of MYB gene family members is the reason for having 23 subgroup with different functions.