اﺛﺮ ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ و ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ورزي ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ ذرت داﻧﻪ اي Zea mays L

The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers and soil tillage systems on the corn (Zea mays L.) yield and agronomic characteristics

در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﺎك ورزي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ در دو ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﺪاول و ﺑﯽﺧﺎك ورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﮐﻮد: T1- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ، T2- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮ T3- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه دو ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮ و ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﺑﺎﻗﯿﻤﺎﻧﺪه ﺑﻪ ذرت، T4- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮ و دو ﺳﻮم ﺑﻪ ذرت، T5- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻧﺼﻒ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ و ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ، T6- ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ ﺟﻮ ﺑﺎ 40 ﺗﻦ ﮐﻮد داﻣﯽ و T7- ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎر ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﺎن ﻃﯽ دو ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1392و 93 اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﺳﺎل در ﺧﺎك ورزي در ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﺳﺎل دوم در ﺧﺎك ورزي ﻣﺘﺪاول و در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر T5 ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد 9400 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﮐﻮد ﺳﺒﺰ، داﻣﯽ و ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎك ورزي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار داد.

In line of sustainable agricultural development, The experiment involves tillage as the main factor in both conventional and no-tillage systems and fertilizer sources, T1: only green barley manure, T2: green barley manure with full use of chemical fertilizer for barley, T3: green barley manure with twothird chemical fertilizer for barley and the remaining one- third for maize, T4: green barley manure with one- third chemical fertilizer for barley and the remaining two- third for maize, T5- green barley manure with 50-50 mixture of cow manure and chemical fertilizer, T6: green barley manure with 40 tons cow manure and T7: control As a sub plots. split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Sistan Agricultural Research Station during two growing years of 2013 and 2014 years. The results were showed that the highest yield was obtained in the second year in conventional tillage and in T5 treatment with an average yield of 9400 kg ha-1. Based on the results, a mixture of green manure, animal and chemical fertilizer with conventional tillage to achieve high yield can be considered.