اﺛﺮ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮﻣﯿﮑﺮو درﮔﯿﺎه ﻧﺨﻮد در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ

Effect of sodium nitroprusside on micronutrients in chickpea plant in rainfed conditions

ﻧﺨﻮد ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎت ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ اي و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ. ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺬب ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز از ﺧﺎك و ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﮔﯿﺎه در ﺟﺬب اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ از ﺧﺎك از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋه اي در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ )SNP( ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آب روي ﺟﺬب ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺨﻮد از ﺧﺎك، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن )واﻗﻊ در دﻫﮕﻼن( در ﺳﺎل 1396 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﺑﻮد. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول، ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي )ﺻﻔﺮ ﯾﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، 150، 300و 450ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﻣﻮﻻر( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم، ارﻗﺎم ﻧﺨﻮد )آزاد، آرﻣﺎن و ﭘﯿﺮوز(. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ150 و 300 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر SNP ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻣﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه را در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد. اﻣﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 450 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻣﺲ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾ.ﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 150 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي آﻫﻦ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد. اﻣﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 300 و 450 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي آﻫﻦ را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد. ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ در رﻗﻢ آرﻣﺎن در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 150، 300 و450 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ در رﻗﻢ آزاد در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 150، 300و 450 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. در رﻗﻢ ﭘﯿﺮوزﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي ،150 300 و 450ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻣﻨﮕﻨﺰ ﺷ.ﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 150و300 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي روي ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ 450 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوﭘﺮوﺳﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي روي ﺷﺪ.

Chickpea is one of the most important crops grown in the marginal and arid and semi-arid regions. The ability of the plant to absorb the necessary minerals from the soil and help increase the plant's ability to absorb these elements from the soil is particularly important in dryland conditions. To investigate the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application on reducing the effects of water deficit stress on soil micronutrient uptake by chickpea, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications at Research University of Kurdistan (Dehgolan), Iran. The year was 1396. The experiment included two factors. The first factor was the foliar application of sodium nitroprusside at concentrations (zero or control, 150, 300 and 450 μM) and the second factor, chickpea cultivars (Azad, Arman, Pirouz). The results of the experiment showed that the results showed that 150 and 300 μM SNP increased the plant copper content compared to the control. But the concentration of 450 μM reduced the copper content of the plant compared to the control without foliar application. Foliar application of 150 μM sodium nitroprusside increased Fe content compared to control. But concentrations of 300 and 450 μM reduced iron content compared to control. Manganese content in Arman cultivar at concentrations of 150, 300 and 450 μM increased sodium nitroprusside content but in Azad cultivar at concentrations of 150, 300 and 450 μM sodium nitroprusside reduced manganese content compared to control. In Pirouz cultivar at concentrations of 150, 300 and 450 μM sodium nitroprusside increased manganese content. Foliar application of 150 and 300 μM sodium nitroprusside increased zinc content but 450 nM nitroprusside decreased zinc content.