ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و داﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ آﻻت ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ آن

Investigation of Some Physical Properties of Purslane (Stem and Seed) required in the Design of harvest and post-harvest Machinery

ﺧﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺳﺒﺰي و ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ اﺧﯿﺮاً ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ و داروﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ آن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﺪم ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﻗﯿﻖ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬار در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰه ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ آﻻت ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺧﺮﻓﻪ )ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و داﻧﻪ( ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺣﺠﻢ و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﻓﻪ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ داﻧﻪ، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺻﻄﮑﺎك اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮑﯽ، ﻧﯿﺮوي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻏﻼف، ﻧﯿﺮوي ﻟﻬﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﯽ داﻧﻪ ﺧﺮﻓﻪ از روش ﭘﯿﮑﻨﻮﻣﺘﺮ آﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻘﺪار 1/7 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ و 2/84 ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ داﻧﻪ 2/36 ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ و ﻣﻘﺪار ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺻﻄﮑﺎك اﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮑﯽ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻘﺪار 0/391 ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷ. ﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻧﯿﺮوي ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﻏﻼف و ﻧﯿﺮوي ﻟﻬﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻨﺞ ﻣﺪل 32 TA.XTplus( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ 4/9 ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻮن و 55 ﻧﯿﻮﺗﻮن ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

Medicinal plants are one of the most valuable products in a wide range of natural resources in Iran that if there is a good scientific knowledge, culture, development and proper utilization, they can play an important role in public health, employment and non-oil exports. Purslane is an important vegetable and medicinal plant that is produced and consumed in the southern regions of Iran. One of the most important factors in increasing mortality during harvest and post harvest of Purslane is the lack of accurate understanding of the affecting physical properties on design of mechanized devices for this product. Therefore, in this study, the physical properties required in the design and construction of harvesting and post harvesting machinery for the purslane (stem and seed) were investigated. Measured physical properties are: bulk density and volume of purslane seed, terminal velocity, static friction coefficient, pod fracture force, stem crushing force. The volume and density of the purslane seed were measured by water pycnometer 1.7 cm3 and 2.84 g/cm3, respectively. The seed terminal velocity was 2.36 m/s and the static friction coefficient measured by the machine was 0.391. Also, the pod fracture force and stem crushing force were determined by texture Analyzer machine (TA.XTplus32 model) with values of 4.9 N and 55 N, respectively.