ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺻﻔﺎت زراﻋﯽ در ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم در اردﺑﯿﻞ

Drought Stress and Its Impact on Some Agronomic Traits in New Wheat Genotypes in Ardabil

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ )ﮐﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دﯾﻢ( ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺻﻔﺎت زراﻋﯽ در ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﮔﻨﺪم در اردﺑﯿﻞ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اردﺑﯿﻞ در ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 96-97 اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓ.ﺖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺑﯿﻮﻣﺎس، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ و ... ﺑﺮاي ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺷﺪﻧ.ﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻤﺎر 11 ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻤﺎر 16 در ﮔﺮوه ﯾﮑﺴﺎن ﺑﻮد، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و در رﻗﻢ ﺷﻤﺎره 1 ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار را داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﺪود 25 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. رﻗﻢ ﺷﻤﺎره 1 )ﭘﯿﺸﮕﺎم( در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ داﺷﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻤﺎره 11 ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ را ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﺮده و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ را ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺸﺖ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دﯾﻢ و ﮐﻢآب ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺷﻮد.

In order to investigate the effect of drought stress (dryland cultivation) on some agronomic traits in new wheat genotypes in Ardabil and to select the best high yield and drought tolerant genotypes, a randomized complete block design with three replications in Ardebil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station was established during the 2017-2018 crop year. Results showed that all traits such as yield and yield components, spike emergence time, plant height, biomass, harvest index, etc. were significant at 1% probability level. Comparison of mean for different traits showed that grain yield in genotype 11 was the same and genotype number 16 had the highest and lowest value in cultivar No. 1, respectively. The difference between them was about 25%. Number 1 (Pishgam) had the lowest grain yield under drought stress conditions compared to other genotypes and this shows that genotype 11 is much better able to withstand drought conditions and produce high yields and can be recommended for cultivation in dry and humid regions.