اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺑﺮ اﻟﻘﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ در ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺳﺮﺧﺎرﮔﻞ Echinacea purpurea L

Effect of Growth Regulators on Adventitious Root Induction in Purple Coneflower

ﺳﺮﺧﺎرﮔﻞ ).Echinacea purpurea L(، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﺮﻓﺮوشﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ در ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻃﺐ ﺳـﻨﺘﯽ از ﮔﯿـﺎه ﺳـﺮﺧﺎرﮔﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮر ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و درﻣﺎن ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از اﻣﺮاض ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﺳﺮﻣﺎﺧﻮردﮔﯽ، آﻧﻔﻮﻻﻧﺰا، ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖﻫﺎ و اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎت ﭘﻮﺳﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. دوره رﺷﺪ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﺪت و ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ دارو از ﮔﯿﺎه ﺳﺮﺧﺎرﮔﻞ را ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﮐﺸﺖ رﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺮدن ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﻟﻘﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ از رﯾﺰﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ي ﺑﺮگ ﺳﺮﺧﺎرﮔﻞ، اﺛﺮ ﻫﻔﺖ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ NAA و IAA در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ MS ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﭼﻬﺎر ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﺻﻔﺎت درﺻﺪ اﻟﻘﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻌﺪاد رﯾﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﯾﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺟﺪول ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد اﻟﻘﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﻮع و ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷ. ﺪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ اﻟﻘﺎي رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ )80( % ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ دو ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻫﻮرﻣﻮﻧﯽ mg l-1 IAA 3و mg l-1 NAA+ 1/5 mg l-1 IAA 2/5 ﺑﻮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻌﺪاد رﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ در رﯾﺰﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ رﯾﺸﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ )12/67 رﯾﺸﻪ( ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر mg l-1 NAA 3 ﺑﻮد.

Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) one of the best-selling medicinal plants in most developed countries. For many years in traditional medicine, coneflower has been used to prevent and treat many diseases such as colds, flu, infections and skin inflammation. Prolonged growth periods and environmental limitations have made it difficult to produce medicines from coneflower. Cultivation of adventitious roots can be a good alternative to producing valuable secondary metabolites. In this study, in order to optimize adventitious root induction from purple coneflower leaf explants, the effect of seven treatments including growth regulators NAA and IAA in MS medium with completely randomized design with three replications was investigated. After four weeks, percentage of adventitious root induction and average number of adventitious roots were recorded. Results of analysis of variance showed that induction of adventitious root was significantly influenced by the type and amount of growth regulators. The highest percentage of induction of adventitious root (80%) was due to two hormonal treatments 3 mg l-1 IAA and 1.5 mg l-1 IAA + 2.5 mg l-1 NAA. Also, the highest average number of adventitious roots in explants that produced adventitious root (12.67 roots) was related to treatment 3 mg l-1 NAA.