ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي ذرت ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﻢآﺑﯿﺎري و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري ﻧﻮاري قطره اي

The Response of Maize Hybrids to Levels of Deficit Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in Drip Tape Irrigation System

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﺷﺪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﻬﺮهوري ﻣﺼﺮف آب ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ دﯾﺮرس ذرت در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي راﯾﺞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ )KSC704 و Maxima-FAO530( ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت آﺑﯿﺎري )آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺠﺎز رﻃﻮﺑﺘﯽ %50و ﮐﻢآﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 16% ﻋﻤﻖ آب ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ( و دو ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻂ ﺳﻪ و 16 ﻗﺴﻤﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار 150 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻮد اوره ﺑﺎ 45 درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن( ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن اﺟﺮا ﺷ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ ﮔﯿﺎه در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آﺑﯿﺎري، ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ذرت ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري و ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻂ16 ﻗﺴﻤﺘﯽ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف آب در ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ذرت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد و ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ SC719 ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار )3/45 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم داﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ آب( را داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي دﯾﺮرس ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، SC704 و ﻣﺎﮐﺴﯿﻤﺎ، در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﻢآﺑﯿﺎري و ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻂ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﮐﻮد ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻬﺮهوري ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ آن را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد.

The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and water use efficiencies of eight late-maturing corn hybrids compared to commonly use of KSC704 and Maxima-FAO530 under different water-nitrogen management systems. Two irrigation regimes (based on 50% soil-water depletion as normal irrigation and averagely 16% less than normal as deficit irrigation) and two nitrogen (N) apply managements (3 and 16 split-applying of 150 kg N from Urea, 45% N) were induced using split-split plot experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replication at Research Field of Isfahan University of Technology. Results showed that yield, forage and leaf area index significantly (P<0.01) were affected by interaction of three studied factors (Irrigation × Nitrogen × Corn hybrid). For different corn hybrids, more water use efficiencies were achieved by deficit-irrigation regime and 16- split-applying of N and in this regards SC719 hybrid had the highest value of 3.45 kg m-3. Generally, the performances of studied late maturing corn hybrids were higher than the control hybrids of SC704 and SC530 at this planting date, which could be improved by using deficit-irrigation regime and more split-applying N fertilizer.