اﺛﺮ ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮر و دﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ در دو رﻗﻢ ﻣﺎش در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﯽ

Effect of light intensity and temperature on waterlogging stress tolerance in two mungbean cultivars in Four-Leaf Stage

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮر، دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﻣﺪت ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ درﺻﺪ زﻧﺪه ﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺎش آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﮔﻠﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو رﻗﻢ ﻣﺎش ﻫﻨﺪي و ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﯽ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ از ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 24، 48 و 72 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻮد. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﺳﻮم ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻮر ﮐﻢ دﻣﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ، ﻧﻮر ﮐﻢ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻧﻮر ﺷﺪﯾﺪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮد. در ﮐﻞ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﻮر و دﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺴﺎرت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ در ﻫﺮ دو رﻗﻢ ﺷﺪ. در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺎش )دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻧﻮر ﺷﺪﯾﺪ( ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﯿﺶ از 95 در ﺻﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺷﺪ وﻟﯽ در دﻣﺎي ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ و ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮر ﮐﻢ ﭘﺲ از 72 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﺪود 7 درﺻﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن از ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﺶ از 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮگ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺎش ﺷﻮد. در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ دوم اﯾﻦ دو رﻗﻢ در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ رﺷﺪي روﯾﺸﯽ، ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ و ﭘﺮﺷﺪن داﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺠﺰا و ﻫﺮﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﺗﻨﺶ ﻏﺮﻗﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮگ ﻫﯿﭻ ﯾﮏ از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻧﺸﺪ.، وﻟﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﯾﺪي در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺷﺪ.

In order to investigate the effect of light intensity, ambient temperature and duration of waterlogging stress on viability of two mung bean cultivars , the experiment was conducted in a factorial experiment with three factors in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor consisted of two cultivars, Hindi and Omrani, and the second factor had three levels of waterlogging stress for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The third factor was at three levels, including: 1- low temperature and low light, 2- high temperature low light, and 3- high temperature and intense light. Overall the increase in light and temperature resulted in more damage to the waterlogged mung beans, and this was true in both cultivars. Under normal conditions of growth of mung bean (high temperature and high light) waterlogging stress for 48 hours resulted in more than 95% of plants being died, but at low temperature and low light after 72 hours of waterlogging only about 7% of plants Disappeared. Generally, under field conditions, waterlogging stress more than 24 hours can lead mungbean to the death. In the second experiment, these two cultivars were subjected to waterlogging stress in vegetative growth, flowering, grain filling and in all three stages for 24 hours. Waterlogging stress did not kill any of the plants, but led to a severe decrease in grain yield.