ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺗﻮﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮري دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﯿﺎه ﮐﯿﻨﻮا Chenopodium quinoa

The Effect of Seed Priming with Melatonin on Salt Tolerance in two genotypes Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

ﮐﯿﻨﻮا ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم ﻋﻠﻤﯽ )Chenopodium quinoa Willd( ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﺮه اﺳﻔﻨﺎﺟﯿﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. داﻧﻪ ﮐﯿﻨﻮا ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ارزش ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻻ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎزﮔﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﺷﻮري از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ رﯾﺸﻪ،ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ زودﺗﺮ و ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﻮد. ﻣﻼﺗﻮﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﺎدهاي ﻏﯿﺮﺳﻤﯽ داراي ﺧﻮاص آﻧﺘﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و ﭘﺎﮐﺮوﺑﯽ رادﯾﮑﺎﻟﻬﺎي آزاد ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻞ ﮐﺮدن ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﺴﻢ، رﺷﺪ روﯾﺸﯽ و زاﯾﺸﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ دﻫ.ﺪ در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﺎت ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺗﻮﻧﯿﻦ )ﺻﻔﺮ،500 و1250ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﺮ ﻧﺤﻮه ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬر ﮐﯿﻨﻮا رﻗﻢ ﺗﯽ ﺗﯽ ﮐﺎﮐﺎ و ﮔﯿﺰا ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺷﻮري )ﺻﻔﺮ،300و 400 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪﺳﺪﯾ(ﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓ.ﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار از ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ درﺻﺪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻃﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﻨﯿﻪ ﺑﺬر( دو رﻗﻢ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺬﮐﻮرﮐﺎﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺗﻮﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﻼﺗﻮﻧﯿﻦ )1250ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﺷﻮري 300 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﻮﻻر ﮐﻠﺮﯾﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ در ﻫﺮ دو رﻗﻢ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل اﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮاي رﻗﻢ ﺗﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﮐﺎ ﺑﯿﺶ از رﻗﻢ ﮔﯿﺰا ﺑﻮد.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) belongs to chenopodiaceae. Quinoa seeds have recently been considered by different countries because of their high nutritional value. Priming can increase germination speed, better tolerance of plant to drought and salinity through root development, early flowering and ultimately quantitative and qualitative enhancement of yield Melatonin has a protective effect against oxidative stress. Moreover, the role of melatonin has been suggested to increase the lifespan of seed and embryo. Salinity can directly and indirectly affect plant vegetative and reproductive growth. In the present experiments, the effect of seed priming with melatonin (0, 500 and 1250 μM) on seed germination of quinoa cultivar titicaca and Giza under salinity conditions (0, 300 and 400 mM NaCl) was investigated. Salinity stress alone was significantly different from the germination indices (germination percentage and rate and seed vigor) of the two cultivars. But seed priming with melatonin significantly increased these traits. At 300 sodium chloride level, 1250 μM melatonin concentration for titicaca showed the highest effect on germination traits compared to Giza.