ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻫﺎي اﯾﻨﮑﻮرن ﻏﺮب اﯾﺮان

Investigation of genetic diversity of Einkorn wheat from west of Iran

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻫﺎي اﯾﻨﮑﻮرن ﻏﺮب اﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ 33 ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 664 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ اﯾﺮان ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺷﺶ رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن و دوروم ﺑﻪ¬ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻃﺮح آﮔﻤﻨﺖ در 13 ﺑﻠﻮك ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي زراﻋﯽ 1393-94 و 1394-95 در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﭼﺮداول در اﺳﺘﺎن اﯾﻼم ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﮐﺜﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺻﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻃﻮل ﺑﺮگ، ﻋﺮض ﺑﺮگ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ و وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺎت ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﻃﻮل ﭘﺪاﻧﮑﻞ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ، ﺗﻌﺪاد روز ﺗﺎ رﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺖ.در ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اول 79/99 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻨﻮع رو ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﻫﺸﺖ ﮔﺮوه ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ.

The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of Iranian west einkorn wheat genotypes using morphological traits, phonological traits phenotypical traits. In this study, 33 populations (664 samples collected from western parts of Iran) with six cultivars of bread and durum wheat as controls were evaluated in 13 incomplete blocks in an augmented design. The experiments were conducted in the Agricultural Research Station of Chardavel in Zanjirah, Ilam in cropping years 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Correlation analysis of the traits revealed that most of the studied traits had a significant correlation with each other. The grain yield had a positive and significant correlation with leaf length, leaf width, number of seeds per spike and 1000-seed weight, while it showed a significant negative correlation with plant height, peduncle length, spike length, days to physiological maturity and number of tillers. In principal component analysis the first 4 components explained 79.99% of the variation. The samples were divided into 8 groups by cluster analysis