ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺷﺪن داﻧﻪي ﺟﻮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ

Effects of supplementary irrigation, application of mycorrhiza and Azetobacter on grain filling components of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under rain fed condition

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺷﺪن داﻧﻪي ﺟﻮ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻠﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺳﺎل 1395 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻄﻮح آﺑﯿﺎري ﻋﺪم آﺑﯿﺎري ﯾﺎ دﯾﻢ، آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در50 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ آﺑﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪدﻫﯽ( وو ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ )ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا، ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ و ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻃﻮل دوره ﻣﺛﻮﺮ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪن داﻧﻪ و ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ وزن داﻧﻪ )ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 32/06 روز و 58/3 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم( در آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ آﺑﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ، و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ و ﺑﺪون ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣ.ﺪ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﭘﺮ ﺷﺪن داﻧﻪ )1/9 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در روز( در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ ﺑﺪون ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ آن در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ آﺑﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. آﺑﯿﺎري ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ آﺑﺴﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰا ﺑﺎ ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را 29/87 درﺻﺪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد.

In order to study the effects of supplementary irrigation, application of mycorrhiza and Azetobacter on grain filling components of barley under rain fed condition, A factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017. Factors experiment were included irrigation levels (no irrigation as rain fed, supplementary irrigation at 50% heading and booting stages) and bio fertilizers application at four levels (without bio fertilizers as control, application of mycorrhiza, Azetobacter, both application of mycorrhiza and Azetobacter). The results showed that the highest of grain filling period and maximum of grain weight (32.06 day and 58.3 mg respectively) were obtained at supplementary irrigation at heading stage with both application of mycorrhiza and Azetobacter, and the least these traits were obtained no application of bio fertilizers under rain fed condition. The highest of grain filling rate (1.9 mg/day) was obtained under rain fed condition and no application of bio fertilizers and the least it was obtained at supplementary irrigation at heading stage with application of mycorrhizal. Supplementary irrigation at heading stage with both application of mycorrhiza and Azetobacter increased grain yield 29.87% in comparison with no application of bio fertilizers under rain fed condition.