ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ ﻻﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﺗﻼﻗﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻼﻗﯽ ﺟﻮ زراﻋﯽ و وﺣﺸﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري

Evaluation of agronomic characteristics of backcross derived lines from wild and cultivated barley cross under optimal and salinity stress conditions

ﺟﻮ .Hordeum vulgare L ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻏﻼت ﻣﻬﻢ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ داراي ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻮري ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﻮري ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮزﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي را در ﺧﺎكﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺧﺸﮏ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ 144 ﻻﯾﻦ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻼﻗﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﺟﻮ زراﻋﯽ و وﺣﺸﯽ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح ﻻﺗﯿﺲ ﺑﺎ دو ﺗﮑﺮار در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﺧﺎك )....دﺳﯽ زﯾﻤﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ(؟؟ اﺟﺮا ﺷ.ﺪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در واﻟﺪﯾﻦ و ﻧﺘﺎج ﺗﻼﻗﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺿﻤﻦ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت زراﻋﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮري ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاﯾﯽ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري و ﺷﺶ ﮔﺮوه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﮔﺮوه ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 37/1 ﮔﺮم ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮔﺮوه اول ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 25/42 ﮔﺮم ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ را دارا ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ از 198/49 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه اول ﺗﺎ 719/32 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮوه ﭼﻬﺎرم ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﻮد.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare, L.) is one of the most important cereal crops with high level of tolerance to salinity. Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that limits agricultural production in arid and semi-arid soils. In this study, variation in agronomic characteristics of 144 lines derived from a backcross population from wild and cultivated barley cross was evaluated using lattice design with two replications. Salinity stress caused a significant reduction in all measured traits with a significant variation among the lines for the agronomic traits. Results of cluster analysis divided the lines into four groups and six groups under salinity stress and optimal conditions, respectively. Mean comparisons of the groups, obtained from cluster analysis, showed that the fourth group with average of 37.1 grams had the highest and the first group with 25.42 grams had the lowest thousand grain weight under salinity stress conditions. Moreover, the fourth group of the backcross derived lines with average of 719.32 g m2 had the highest and the first group with average of 198.49 g m2 had the lowest grain yield under stress conditions.